How to Back up your Mac to QNAP NAS with Time Machine

A Guide to Using Apple Time Machine and your NAS

Apple Time Machine is a backup software application included with macOS operating system from Apple. The software is designed to work with their range of AirPort Time Capsule devices, the Wi-Fi router with built-in hard disk (which apple are pulling out of), as well as other internal and external disk drives connected via USB and Thunderbolt. It was introduced in Mac OS X Leopard quite a few years ago and has become a backup essential for Mac users worldwide. With the growth of popularity in NAS devices from QNAP and 3rd party clouds like Google Drive, Amazon Drive and CrashPlan it has become a common requirement to store backup images of a Mac system off-site.

How Does Apple Time Machine Backup My Files

Time Machine creates incremental backups of files that can be restored at a later date. It allows the user to restore the whole system or specific files from the Recovery HD or the macOS Install DVD. It works within Mail, iWork, iLife, and several other compatible programs, making it possible to restore individual objects (e.g. emails, photos, contacts, calendar events) without leaving the application. Likewise, storing data on a QNAP NAS uses the same system of file transfer, but changes to transfer protocol (the way files are sent) from internally to externally. According to an Apple support statement:

“Time Machine is a backup utility, not an archival utility, it is not intended as offline storage. Time Machine captures the most recent state of your data on your disk. As snapshots age, they are prioritized progressively lower compared to your more recent ones.”

For backups to a QNAP NAS drive, Time Machine allows the user to back up Mac computers over the network and supports backing up to certain network attached storage devices or servers, depending on the version of Time Machine. Earlier versions worked with a wide variety of NAS servers, but later versions require the server to support a recent version of Apple’s Apple Filing Protocol (AFP), and Time Machine no longer works with servers using the Server Message Block (SMB) protocol typical for Windows servers. I am pleased to say that Apple time machine is still supported on QNAP NAS servers. Below I have detailed how to create time machine backups to a Synology network attached storage device in your environment.

Apple Time Machine and QNAP NAS Guide

This article will guide you through the process of backing up data from your Mac OS X computer to a QNAP NAS using Apple’s Time Machine, a backup utility included in Mac OS X 10.5 and later.

Set up a QNAP NAS to Support Time Machine

QNAP Turbo NAS supports Time Machine for Mac OS X 10.5 or later for concurrent backup of multiple Mac machines. By enabling this feature on the Turbo NAS, the up-to-date copies of the photos, music, videos, documents, settings and applications on your Mac can be backed up automatically to the NAS. You can also recover the data from the NAS to your Mac anytime.Before setting your QNAP NAS Drive as the destination for Time Machine, you’ll need to login to QTS and change a few settings.

1. Setting Up the QNAP NAS for Apple Time Machine

Step 1: Login your QNAP NAS as an administrator. Go to “Backup” > “Time Machine” and enable the Time Machine support.

Step 2: Enter a password for the Time Machine user (“TimeMachine”). The password is empty by default.

Step 3: Select a disk volume from dropdown menu. The data from the Mac will be saved on the selected disk volume of the NAS.

Step 4: Enter the capacity to allow the Time Machine users to use for backup. The capacity must be smaller than the available space of the selected disk volume.

Step 5: Click “APPLY” to save the settings.

Note that all the Time Machine users share the same network share of the NAS for this function.

2. Connect Time Machine to your QNAP NAS

1. On your Mac, click Go in the top menu bar, and select Connect to Server.

Enter the address of your NAS server. Use AFP or SMB according to your setting in the step 1.3.2. After specifying the address, click Connect.

Enter your account credentials, and click Connect.

Select Time Machine Folder from the list, and then click OK.

2.2 Configure Time Machine to set DiskStation as its backup disk

1. On your Mac, open System Preferences from the Dock, and click Time Machine.
2. Check the Back Up Automatically box, and click Select Disk.

Choose the shared folder you created, which is Time Machine Folder in this case, and then click Use Disk.

The system will prompt you to provide your account credentials. Enter the username and password of the user you just created, and click Connect.

1. Time Machine will start backing up data soon after.

3. More Information on Apple Time Machine

If you would like to learn more about Time Machine, you can consult Apple’s Time Machine support page.

IMPORTANT Things to Remember

• I recommended you set a quota to prevent Time Machine from occupying your entire NAS storage space. In general, the quota should be at least two or three times the size of your Mac’s hard drive or the amount of data to be backed up. Then you can maintain versions or different devices adequately.
• (For more techie users) Time Machine supports both SMB and AFP. For macOS Sierra and later, Time Machine uses SMB, instead of AFP, as the default protocol.
• (For more techie users) If you want to back up your files via SMB, please go to the SMB section on the same tab, and check the Enable SMB service box.
• (For more techie users) If you chose to use SMB in the step 1.3.2, please check the Enable Bonjour Time Machine broadcast via SMB box instead. Choose the shared folder you just created and click Apply. Then click Yes in the popup window to confirm and save your settings.

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